socofpowerСоциология властиSociology of Power2074-04922413-144XThe Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration10.22394/2074-0492-2023-4-85-121socofpower-85Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESИсцеление внутреннего ребенка: психотерапевтический троп и антропология эмоциональной религиозностиHealing the Inner Child: The Psychotherapeutic Trope and the Anthropology of Emotional Religiosityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9964-5375ХониневаЕ. А.KhoninevaE. A.

Хонинева Екатерина А. — к. ист. н., научный сотрудник Лаборатории антропологической лингвистики, ИЛИ РАН; доцент факультета антропологии, Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге.

Санкт-Петербург

Ekaterina A. Khonineva - researcher at the Laboratory of Anthropological Linguistics, Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Associate Professor at the Department of Anthropology, European University at St. Petersburg.

Saint-Petersburg

ekhonineva@eu.spb.ruИнститут лингвистических исследований РАНРоссияInstitute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20233001202535485121Copyright © Хонинева Е.А., 20252025Хонинева Е.А.Khonineva E.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/85

Статья посвящена антропологическому исследованию логики адаптации психотерапевтического дискурса религиозными специалистами в рамках католической практики духовных упражнений. Основываясь на характерном для терапевтической культуры представлении о глубокой укорененности личности в истории семейных связей и опыте взросления, автор ставит вопрос о том, как в ходе освоения психотерапевтических техник религиозными группами может проявлять себя проблематика семейных отношений и на каких образах детства подобные «синкретические» проекты могут основываться. Рассмотрение католической практики духовных упражнений позволяет обратиться к историческим корням концепции «личных отношений с Богом», которые можно обнаружить в духовных движениях позднего Средневековья и раннего Нового времени, делающих акцент на эмоциональной религиозности, практиках медитации и воображения. В исследуемом контексте интерпретация отношений с Богом и другими агентами сверхчеловеческой природы в психотерапевтических терминах основывается на сочетании традиционной иезуитской практики духовного сопровождения с идеями из области психодинамической терапии, имевшем место в американских руководствах по духовному сопровождению 1970–1990-х гг. В такой перспективе образ Бога трактуется как проекция усвоенных в детстве образов авторитетного взрослого, а трудности в «отношениях с Богом» — как следствие неразрешенных проблем в значимых межличностных отношениях. Используя в качестве основы для практики медитации один из важнейших терапевтических тропов «внутреннего ребенка», духовные руководители предлагают участникам посредством воображения разыграть сцену обретения детской версией их личности безусловной любви. Однако в отличие от терапевтической редакции практики работы с «внутренним ребенком», в католической парадигме человек не может и не должен становиться ни агентом собственного исцеления, ни самому себе родителем. Логика персональной ответственности и «родительства» как его метафоры сменяется на логику смирения и вверения себя божественной воле, т.е. истинного детства. Статья демонстрирует необходимость более внимательного изучения техник воображения, используемых как в религиозных культурах, так и в психотерапевтических контекстах, и поднимает вопрос об общности их эпистемологической позиции в отношении природы и функции воображения.

The article is devoted to an anthropological study of psychotherapeutic discourse adaptation by religious specialists within the Catholic practice of spiritual exercises. Grounded in the therapeutic culture's notion that an individual's roots lie deeply within their family history and childhood experiences, this article examines how issues related to family relationships may surface during the development of psychotherapeutic techniques by religious groups. It also investigates the childhood images upon which these "syncretic" projects might be based. Considering the Catholic practice of spiritual exercise allows us to explore the historical roots of the “personal relationship with God”. This concept appears in various spiritual movements from the late Middle Ages and early Modern period, which emphasized emotional religiosity, meditation, and imaginative practices. In the present context, the interpretation of the relationship with God and other agents of divine nature in psychotherapeutic terms is based on a combination of traditional Jesuit spiritual direction practices with ideas from psychodynamic theories found in American spiritual direction manuals of the 1970s-1990s. From this angle, the image of God is interpreted as a projection of an authoritative adult image internalized in childhood, and problems in the “relationship with God” are seen as a consequence of unresolved issues with significant others. Using one of the most important therapeutic tropes of the “inner child” as the basis for meditation practice, spiritual directors invite participants to envision a scene where a child version of their personality receives unconditional love. However, unlike the therapeutic version of the practice of “inner child work,” in the Catholic paradigm, the individual should neither become the agent of their own healing nor reparent themselves. The logic of personal responsibility and “parenthood” as its metaphor is replaced by the logic of humility and surrendering oneself to the divine will, i.e., true childhood. The article high-lights the need to closely examine imaginative techniques in religious cultures and psychotherapeutic contexts, and questions the commonality in their epistemological stance on the nature and function of imagination.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.