socofpowerСоциология властиSociology of Power2074-04922413-144XThe Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public AdministrationNBDBZTsocofpower-426Research ArticleСТАТЬИ. ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СЧАСТЬЯARTICLES. HAPPINESS STUDIESТемпоральные ресурсы и временная перспектива счастья в восприятии различных поколений россиянTemporal Resources and the Time Perspective of Happiness in the Perception of Different Generations of Russianshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4010-8406АбрамоваС. Б.AbramovaS. B.

Абрамова Софья Борисовна — кандидат социологических наук, доцент кафедры прикладной социологии

Екатеринбург

Sofya B. Abramova — Candidate of Sciences (Sociology), Associate Professor, Department of Applied Sociology

Ekaterinburg

s.b.abramova@urfu.ruУральский федеральный университетРоссияUral Federal UniversityRussian Federation2026270620263826791Copyright © Абрамова С.Б., 20262026Абрамова С.Б.Abramova S.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/426

Статья посвящена теоретическому осмыслению и эмпирическому анализу темпоральности счастья. Актуальность работы связана с недостаточным вниманием к выделению темпоральных ресурсов счастья в научных исследованиях, в  то  время как латентное присутствие аспектов времени просматривается в  большинстве подходов к  пониманию счастья. Теоретические аспекты рассмотрения темпоральных ресурсов счастья при концептуализации, измерении, достижении, конструировании счастья позволили выделить ключевые аспекты темпоральности, которые обуславливают различия в  представлениях о  счастье у  различных поколений. Автором предложена модель откладывания счастья как альтернативная темпоральная стратегия. Эмпирической базой выступили результаты полиметодического социологического исследования жителей России 18-60 лет: стандартизированный опрос трех поколений (n=1170) методом онлайн-анкетирования и серия глубинных интервью (n=30), проведенные в июле — ноябре 2024 года в столичных городах (Москва, Санкт-Петербург), мегаполисе (областном центре, Екатеринбург) и городах Свердловской области. Новизна исследования заключается в выделении у различных поколений субъективных оценок счастья во временной перспективе, обнаружении тенденции к смещению более позитивных оценок субъективного благополучия в  будущее. Темпоральность счастья включает противоречия между оценками пиковых моментов и текущего уровня счастья, а также между ожиданием лучшего будущего и неуверенностью в его наступлении. Нарративные интервью позволили выйти на темпоральные парадоксы счастья и основанные на них механизмы достижения счастья, описать метафорические образы темпоральности счастья. Сделаны выводы о проявлении нелинейности времени в формировании множественных моделей счастья, и отражении в этих моделях поколенческих особенностей восприятия счастья.

The article is devoted to the theoretical understanding and empirical analysis of the temporality of happiness. The relevance of the work lies in the insufficient attention paid to the allocation of temporal resources for happiness in scientific research, even though latent temporal aspects are evident in most approaches to understanding happiness. The theoretical consideration of the temporal resources of happiness in the conceptualization, measurement, achievement, and construction of happiness has made it possible to identify key aspects of temporality that shape differences in ideas about happiness across generations. The author proposes a model of delayed happiness as an alternative temporal strategy. The empirical basis was the results of a multi-method sociological study of Russian residents aged 18-60: a standardized survey of three generations (n=1170) using an online questionnaire and a series of in-depth interviews (n=30) conducted in July–November 2024 in capital cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg), a metropolis (regional center, Yekaterinburg), and cities of the Sverdlovsk region. The novelty of the study lies in identifying subjective assessments of happiness across generations over time and the presence of an upward trajectory toward more positive assessments of subjective well-being in the future. The temporality of happiness involves contradictions between assessments of peak moments and current levels of happiness, as well as between expectations of a better future and the uncertainty of its realization. Narrative interviews allowed us to identify temporal paradoxes of happiness and the mechanisms for achieving happiness based on them, and to describe metaphorical images of the temporality of happiness. Conclusions are drawn about the manifestation of nonlinearity of time in the formation of multiple models of happiness, and the reflection in these models of generational characteristics of the perception of happiness.

счастьетемпоральностьтемпоральные ресурсыотложенное счастьепоколениефелицитарные эмоциивременная перспективаhappinesstemporalitytemporal resourcesdelayed happinessgenerationsfelicitous emotionstime perspectiveИсследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-28- 00617, https://rscf.ru/project/24-28-00617/.The research wasfunded by the Russian Science FoundationNo. 24-28-00617, https:// rscf.ru/project/24-28-00617/.ReferencesАдорно Т.В. (2011) Негативная диалектика. Москва: Академический проект. EDN: QXBGWLAdorno T.V. (2011) Negative dialectics. Moscow: Academic project. — in Russ.Темпоральные ресурсы волонтерства. Вестник Нижегородского университета им. Н.И. Лобачевского. Серия: Социальные науки, 3(39): 150–158. EDN: UYZVVNAmbarova P.A. (2015) Temporalresources of volunteerism. Vestnik of Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod. Series: Social Sciences, 3(39): 150–158. — in Russ.Байбурин А.К., Пиир А.М. (2008) Счастье по праздникам. Антропологический форум, (8): 227–258. EDN: KCKGIXBayburin A.K., Piir A.M. (2008) Happiness on holidays. Anthropological Forum, (8): 227–258. — in Russ.Головашина О.В. (2016) Темпоральность в исследованиях социального: конструирование времени и временем. Философия и общество, 3(80): 42–56. EDN: WNIBXRGolovashinaO.V. (2016) Temporality in studies ofsocial phenomena: constructing of time and by time. Philosophy and Society, 3(80): 42–56. — in Russ.Гончарова О.О. (2019) Счастье для всех: забытый концепт или новое основание социального порядка? Социология власти, 31(4): 185–209. EDN: RVINIS. https://doi.org/10.22394/2074-0492-2019-4-185-209Goncharova O.O. (2019) Happinessfor All: A Forgotten Concept or a New Foundation of Social Order? Sociology of Power, 31(4): 185–209. — in Russ.Карадже Т.В. (2022) Темпоральность как динамическая характеристика изменений социальной системы. Локус: люди, общество, культуры, смыслы, 13(2): 130–143. EDN: RPBHPL. https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2988-2022-13-2-130-143Karadzhe T.V. (2022) Temporality as a dynamic characteristic processes and changes in the social system. Locus: People, Society, Culture, Meanings, 13(2): 130– 143. — in Russ.Козлова О.Д. (2013) Концепция «счастье как принуждение»: Паскаль Брюкнер и Мартин Паж. Исторические, философские, политические и юридические науки, культурология и искусствоведение. Вопросы теории и практики, 3-2(29): 132–134. EDN: PUUYDRKozlova O.D. (2013) Conception «happiness as compulsion»: Pascal Bruckner and Martin Page. Historical, Philosophical, Political and Law Sciences, Culturology and Study of Art. Issues of Theory and Practice, 3-2(29): 132–134. — in Russ.Козырева П.М., Смирнов А.И. (2017) Счастье осмысленное и спонтанное. Социологическая наука и социальная практика, 4(20): 65–91. EDN: YMAEQF. https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2017.5.4.5520Kozyreva P.M., Smirnov A.I. (2017) Conscious and Spontaneous Happiness. Sociological science and social practice, 4(20): 65–91. — in Russ.Лопандин К.В. (2023) Восприятие счастья в период пандемии у людей разного возраста. Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, 5(109): 64–71. EDN: RLJOWO. https://doi.org/10.24158/spp.2023.5.8Lopandin K.V. (2023) Perceptions of Happiness during the Pandemic in People of Different Ages. Society: Sociology, Psychology, Pedagogics, 5(109): 64–71. — in Russ.Николаи Ф.В. (2024) Культурная история и социальные исследования счастья (обзор). Новое литературное обозрение, (5): 292–303. EDN: JDMJEY. https://doi.org/10.53953/08696365_2024_189_5_292Nikolai F.V. (2024) Cultural history and socialstudies of happiness (survey). New Literary Observer, (5): 292–303. — in Russ.Селигман М.Э.П. (2006) Новая позитивная психология: научный взгляд на счастье и смысл жизни. Москва: София. EDN: QXQLETSeligman M.E.P. (2006) The New Positive Psychology: A Scientific Perspective on Happiness and Meaning in Life. Moscow: Sofia. — in Russ.Троцук И.В. (2021) Как возможна социология эмоций, и что она дает для понимания счастья и справедливости. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Социология, 21(3): 610–622. EDN: CFBBZH. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313–2272-2021-21-3-610-622Trotsuk I.V. (2021) How is the sociology of emotions possible, and what does it provide for understanding happiness and justice. Bulletin of RUDN University. Series: Sociology, 21(3): 610–622. — in Russ.Andersson D., Nässén J., Larsson J., Holmberg J. (2013) Temporal well-being: a central dimension of sustainable lifestyles? Conference paper presented at the SCORAI 2013 Conference: The Future of Consumerism and Well-Being in a World of Ecological Constraints, The Sustainable Consumption Research and Action Initiative SCORAI. Worcester, USA.Andersson D., Nässén J., Larsson J., Holmberg J. (2013) Temporal well-being: a central dimension of sustainable lifestyles? Conference paper presented at the SCORAI 2013 Conference: The Future of Consumerism and Well-Being in a World of Ecological Constraints, The Sustainable Consumption Research and Action Initiative SCORAI. Worcester, USA.Ballas D. (2013) What makes a «happy city»? Cities, (32): 539–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.04.009Ballas D. (2013) What makes a «happy city»? Cities, (32): 539–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.04.009Boehm J.K., Lyubomirsky S. (2012) The Promise of Sustainable Happiness. In Lopez S. J., Snyder C.R. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology, 2nd edn: 667- 678. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0063Boehm J.K., Lyubomirsky S. (2012) The Promise of Sustainable Happiness. In Lopez S. J., Snyder C.R. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology, 2nd edn:667-678. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0063Chang A., Nguyen L.T. (2011) The mediating effects of time structure on the relationships between time management behaviour, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being. Australian Journal of Psychology, 63(4): 187–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-9536.2011.00008.xChang A., Nguyen L.T. (2011) The mediating effects of time structure on the relationships between time management behaviour, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being. Australian Journal of Psychology, 63(4): 187–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-9536.2011.00008.xCloutier S., PfeifferD. (2015) Sustainability Through Happiness: A Framework for Sustainable Development. Sustainable Development, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1593Cloutier S., PfeifferD. (2015) Sustainability Through Happiness: A Framework for Sustainable Development. Sustainable Development, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1593Fu Z., Chan L. (2019). New Impression of Beijing Hutongs: A Microscale Urban Emotion Measurement Method. In Rau PL. (eds.) Cross-CulturalDesign. Culture and Society. HCII 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, (11577). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22580-3_10Fu Z., Chan L. (2019). New Impression of Beijing Hutongs: A Microscale Urban Emotion Measurement Method. In Rau PL. (eds.) Cross-CulturalDesign. Culture and Society. HCII 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, (11577). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22580-3_10Helliwell J. F., Huang H., Norton M.B., Wang S. (2019). Happiness at Different Ages: The Social Context Matters. In Rojas M. (ed.) The Economics of Happiness. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15835-4_20Helliwell J. F., Huang H., Norton M.B., Wang S. (2019). Happiness at Different Ages: The Social Context Matters. In Rojas M. (ed.) The Economics of Happiness. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15835-4_20Hudson N.W., Lucas R.E., Donnellan M.B. (2020) Are we happier with others? An investigation of the links between spending time with others and subjective wellbeing. J Pers Soc Psychol, 119(3): 672–694. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000290Hudson N.W., Lucas R.E., Donnellan M.B. (2020) Are we happier with others? An investigation of the links between spending time with others and subjective wellbeing. J Pers Soc Psychol, 119(3): 672–694. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000290Humphrey A., Forbes-Mewett H., Bliuc A.-M. (2023). «I Just wantto be Happy»: An ExplorationoftheAspirations, Values, and PsychologicalWellbeing ofAustralianYoung People. Emerging Adulthood, 11(3): 572-580. https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968221138638Humphrey A., Forbes-Mewett H., Bliuc A.-M. (2023). «I Just wantto be Happy»: An ExplorationoftheAspirations, Values, and PsychologicalWellbeing ofAustralianYoung People. Emerging Adulthood, 11(3): 572-580. https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968221138638Kumalasari A.D., Karremans J.C., Dijksterhuis A. (2022) Do people choose happiness? Anticipated happiness affects both intuitive and deliberative decision-making. Curr Psychol, ( 41): 6500–6510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01144-xKumalasari A.D., Karremans J.C., Dijksterhuis A. (2022) Do people choose happiness? Anticipated happiness affects both intuitive and deliberative decision-making. Curr Psychol, ( 41): 6500–6510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01144-xKushlevK., RadosicN., DienerE. (2022) SubjectiveWell-Being and ProsocialityAround the Globe: Happy People Give More of Their Time and Money to Others. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13(4): 849-861. https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506211043379KushlevK., RadosicN., DienerE. (2022) SubjectiveWell-Being and ProsocialityAround the Globe: Happy People Give More of Their Time and Money to Others. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13(4): 849-861. https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506211043379Martin M.W. (2008) Paradoxes of happiness. J Happiness Stud, (9): 171–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-007-9056-3Martin M.W. (2008) Paradoxes of happiness. J Happiness Stud, (9): 171–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-007-9056-3Martínez-Falcó J., Marco-Lajara B., Sánchez-García E., Millan-Tudela L.A. (2023) The scientific knowledge structure of happiness management in the business sphere: an exploratory bibliometric review. Journal of Management Development, 42(6): 483– 500. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-03-2023-0069Martínez-Falcó J., Marco-Lajara B., Sánchez-García E., Millan-Tudela L.A. (2023) The scientific knowledge structure of happiness management in the business sphere: an exploratory bibliometric review. Journal of Management Development, 42(6): 483– 500. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-03-2023-0069Nikunen M., Korvajärvi P. (2022) Being positive, being hopeful, being happy: Young adults reflecting on their future in times of austerity. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 25(3): 824–842. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549420935901Nikunen M., Korvajärvi P. (2022) Being positive, being hopeful, being happy: Young adults reflecting on their future in times of austerity. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 25(3): 824–842. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549420935901Przepiorka A., Sobol-Kwapinska M. (2021) People with Positive Time Perspective are More Grateful and Happier: Gratitude Mediatesthe Relationship Between Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction. J Happiness Stud, (22): 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-020-00221-zPrzepiorka A., Sobol-Kwapinska M. (2021) People with Positive Time Perspective are More Grateful and Happier: Gratitude Mediatesthe Relationship Between Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction. J Happiness Stud, (22): 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-020-00221-zRau H. (2015) Time Use and Resource Consumption. In James D. Wright (ed.) International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), Elsevier: 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.91090-0Rau H. (2015) Time Use and Resource Consumption. In James D. Wright (ed.) International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), Elsevier: 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.91090-0Uzma A., Zaman N.I. (2014) Optimism as a predictor of life satisfaction among Pakistani university students. Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology, 13(2).Uzma A., Zaman N.I. (2014) Optimism as a predictor of life satisfaction among Pakistani university students. Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology, 13(2).Zimbardo P.G., Boyd J.N. (1999) Putting time in perspective: A valid reliable individual differences metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6): 1271–1288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271Zimbardo P.G., Boyd J.N. (1999) Putting time in perspective: A valid reliable individual differences metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6): 1271–1288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.