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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2022-4-210-226</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-38</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Причины возникновения и роста социальных движений в контексте интернет-исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reasons for the Emergence and Increase of Social Movements in the Context of Internet Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-6558</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуркан</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsurkan</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цуркан Евгений Геннадьевич — кандидат философских наук, старший преподаватель</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy G. Tsurkan — PhD, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Philosophy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unigendeth@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3-4</issue><fpage>210</fpage><lpage>226</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цуркан Е.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цуркан Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsurkan E.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/38">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/38</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена описанию и классификации причин возникновения и роста социальных движений в контексте распространения интернет-сетей. Выделяется пять групп причин возникновения и развития социальных движений на трех уровнях исследования общества. Функциональные причины, находящиеся на макроуровне анализа, структурные и пространственные условия, предоставляющие поле возможностей для протестной деятельности, психологические и идеологические причины, мотивирующие участников социальных движений на микроуровне. Выделенные причины разбиваются на пять тем, каждая из которых соотносится с именами классиков XIX столетия, занимавшихся тематизацией и разработкой соответствующей причины: а) тема Дюркгейма — общее коммуникативное пространство; б) тема Тенниса — психическая мотивация; в) тема Маркса — «объективные» структурные напряжения в обществе; г) тема Вебера — изменение структуры политических возможностей; д) тема Сен-Симона и Конта — идеологическая мотивация. В статье осуществлено двойное теоретическое движение. С одной стороны, описываются причины возникновения и роста социальных движений, с другой — указываются классические исследования социальных движений и современные интернет-исследования, в рамках которых данные причины получили свое описание. Обозначенные темы составляют своего рода координатную сетку, которая позволяет установить причины появления и развития социальных движений. В конкретных социальных движениях одна или несколько причин могут преобладать или, напротив, влиять лишь в незначительной степени в сравнении с другими. Ни одна из причин, взятая в отдельности, не представляет собой достаточного основания для роста социальных движений и протестной активности, поэтому при изучении социальных движений должна учитываться каждая.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the description and classification of causes for the emergence and increase of social movements in the context of the spread of internet networks. The article identified five groups of causes for emergence and development of social movements at three levels of social studies. The author identifies functional causes at the macrolevel of analysis, structural and spaсe conditions that provide a field of opportunities for protest activity, and psychological and ideological reasons that motivate participants of social movements at the microlevel. The article divides the highlighted causes into five themes, each of which correlates to relevant classical scholars of the XIX century: a) Durkheim’s theme — communicative space; b) Tönnies’ theme — mental motivation; c) Marx’s theme — “objective” structural strain in society; d) Weber’s theme — changing the structure of political opportunities; e) the theme of Saint-Simon and Comte — ideological motivation. The article describes the reasons for emergence and growth of social movements and cites classical studies of social movements and modern Internet Studies, in which these reasons were described. The designated themes are a coordinate grid that allows researchers to determine the causes of emergence and development of social movements. In particular social movements, one or more causes may prevail or, on the contrary, exert a comparatively minor influence. Nevertheless, none of the groups of causes, taken separately, are a sufficient basis for the growth of social movements and protest activity, therefore, each reason must be considered in the study of social movements.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>социальные движения</kwd><kwd>протестная активность</kwd><kwd>интернет</kwd><kwd>коммуникативное пространство</kwd><kwd>структурное напряжение</kwd><kwd>психическая мотивация</kwd><kwd>структура политических возможностей</kwd><kwd>идеология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>social movements</kwd><kwd>protest activity</kwd><kwd>internet</kwd><kwd>communicative space</kwd><kwd>structural strain</kwd><kwd>mental motivation</kwd><kwd>structure of political opportunities</kwd><kwd>ideology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Публикация подготовлена при поддержке Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы Московского университета «Сохранение мирового культурно-исторического наследия».</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This research has been supported by the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Preservation of the World Cultural and Historical Heritage».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бараш Р. 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