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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OJWLGN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ. ТЕОРИИ НАСИЛИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES. THEORIES OF VIOLENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Насилие и травма как «слабые» концепты (в перспективе глоссематики)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Violence and Trauma as “Weak” Concepts (in the Perspective of Glossematics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3425-3669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартынов Иннокентий Алексеевич — сотрудник ЦМА</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Innokentiy A. Martynov  — researcher in Center for Medical Anthropology of IEA </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.martynov@iea.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт этнологии и антропологии РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>37</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>126</fpage><lpage>154</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мартынов И.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мартынов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martynov I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/350">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/350</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуется переплетение «насилия» и «травмы» в качестве так называемых «слабых» концептов. Не всегда ясно, чем акты, которые определяются как «насильственные», похожи друг на друга и отличаются от других схожих форм поведения. Насилие тесно связано с другим «сложным» концептом — травмой. Он образован метафорическим образом и происходит из связи исходного медицинского понятия травмы с некоторой формой насилия как прикладываемой к телу силы, имеющей деструктивные эффекты. Схожим образом с тем, как это устроено для «насилия», границы концепта «травмы» определяются слабо: чем она похожа и отличается от события, запускающего невротический симптом или способствующего декомпенсации психотического   больного, и почему только травма получила отдельное концептное оформление? Опираясь на глоссематику Луи Ельмслева, автор показывает, что на самом деле оба рассматриваемых концепта функционируют как рекурсивные семиотические системы, в которых наслоение уровней рекурсии и ослабление межэлементных связей ведет к снижению аналитической точности и росту системной энтропии. Обращаясь к классической психоаналитической психопатологии и современным эмпирическим данным, статья ре-артикулирует концепт травмы. Его ядро заключается в ослаблении функций «Я», в особенности функции темпорализации, а не в эффекте некоторой формы насилия. В тексте демонстрируется, что снижение рекурсивных  переплетений — в первую очередь разрыв метафорической связки с насилием — позволяет превратить травму в более «сильный» и инструментализируемый концепт. Таким образом, этот текст преследует двойную демонстрационную задачу. Во-первых, глоссематически иллюстрировать, на примере «насилия» и «травмы», как устроены «слабые» и «сильные» концепты. Во-вторых, показать, как глоссематика может использоваться не только как аналитический, но и как креативный инструмент для производства инструментализируемых концептов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thispaperinterrogatesthe conceptual entanglementof ‘violence’ and ‘trauma’ as so-called weak concepts. Rarely is it evident what acts designated as ‘violent’ have in common, nor how they differ in a principled way from related behaviors. Violence is intimately linked to another ‘problematic’ concept: trauma. The latter is constructed metaphorically, historically deriving from a medical notion of trauma as an injury — the application of force upon the body with destructive effects — and thus remains tethered to an idea of violence through figurative association. In a manner akin to violence, the boundaries of the concept of trauma are themselves elusive: it is frequently unclear what differentiates trauma from other events that might trigger a neurotic symptom or provoke decompensation in a psychotic patient, and why only trauma has been granted a distinct conceptual identity. Drawing on Hjelmslev’s glossematics, it is argued that both ‘trauma’ and ‘violence’ function as recursive semiotic systems in which compounding layers of recursion and weakened inter-element connections diminish analytic precision and raise systemic entropy. Through a return to classical psychoanalytic psychopathology and a critical analysis of recent empirical data, the study re-articulates trauma: its core lies not in the effects of some form of violence, but in the weakening of ego functions — most notably, temporalization. The article demonstrates that by reducing these recursive entanglements — particularly the metaphorical conflation with violence — trauma may be rendered a stronger, more operationally robust concept. Accordingly, the text serves a dual demonstrative purpose: first, it offers a glossematic illustration — using ‘violence’ and ‘trauma’ as paradigmatic examples — of how weak and strong concepts are structured; and second, it shows how glossematics may be employed not only as an analytic resource but also as a creative instrument for the production of concepts capable of operationalization in research and practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>травма</kwd><kwd>насилие</kwd><kwd>рекурсивные семиотики</kwd><kwd>глоссематика</kwd><kwd>шенноновская энтропия</kwd><kwd>психоанализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trauma</kwd><kwd>violence</kwd><kwd>recursive semiotics</kwd><kwd>glossematics</kwd><kwd>Shannon’s</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Публикуется при поддержке гранта РНФ №25-18-00901</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was funded by Russian Science Foundation, grant №25-18-00901</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочков, Д.А. 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