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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YLLMCL</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-299</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спортивные знаменитости: возникновение и эволюция феномена в СССР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Advent of Sport Celebrities: How to Analyzethe Celebrity Phenomena in Soviet Union</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дюфрес</surname><given-names>Сильвен</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dufraisse</surname><given-names>Sylvain</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доцент кафедры общественных наук и спорта, член Объединенной исследовательской группы 6025</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Social Sciences and Sports, participant of Joint Research Team 6025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sylvain.dufraisse@univ-nantes.fr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Нанта<country>Франция</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Nantes University<country>France</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дюфрес С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дюфрес С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dufraisse S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/299">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/299</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена феномену спортивных «звезд» в условиях советского общества. В начале работы дается рабочее определение понятия «знаменитость», позволяющее операционализировать конкретно-историческую семантику, связанную со славой и признанием в различных социальных средах. В качестве базовой проблемы ставится вопрос о применимости аналитического языка, выработанного для описания статуса звезд на Западе, к выдающимся спортсменам, пользовавшимся широкой известностью и даже народной любовью в СССР. Проблематизируются механизмы формирования спортивной славы в Советском Союзе и ее особенности, делается краткий экскурс в историю русских и раннесоветских спортивных знаменитостей. Особое внимание уделено реконструкции процесса отбора и повышения популярности выдающихся атлетов посредством СМИ. Анализируется амбивалентность статуса звезд советского спорта, находившихся под пристальным вниманием властей и нередко становившихся объектом острой критики со стороны органов официальной пропаганды. В качестве примера приводится кейс известного футболиста Э. Стрельцова, превратившегося из кумира молодежи в объект травли. Отдельно анализируется динамика в образах спортивных знаменитостей в послесталинское время. Указывается на постепенную «нормализацию» положения советских спортивных звезд в 1970-е годы, все больше превращавшихся из «героических строителей коммунизма» в обычных людей. В заключении делается вывод о том, что звезды спорта функционально выступали в качестве символических репрезентантов существовавшей в СССР системы, и в качестве таковых являлись важным инструментом для производства политических образцов и смыслов. Предполагается, что массовое занятие спортом как одна из целей вмешательства государства в сферу физической культуры заложило основу для возникновения национальной спортивной элиты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The making of celebrities became an issue of sociological and historical researches recently. This article aims at analyzing how sporting celebrities appeared in the Soviet Union. It highlights the process of the edification of sportsmen, how they became celebrities and how that could be problematic in a socialist state. This article shows that the promotion of sportsmen started to be an issue of symbolic struggle. It first explains that sports celebrities appeared during the tsarist era and what kinds of debates sporting celebrities have launched. After the revolution, sporting celebrities were denounced and were considered as marks of the ancient capitalist world and from professionalism. As spectator sport grew in the Soviet Union and as the sports policy evolved, some sportsmen became a role model and examples for the Soviet citizen. They embodied new values, but these values evolved during the Soviet period. This article explains in a second part how the making of celebrities happened and what kinds of channels were used to make sportsmen 'known to people whom they don't know'. The third part of this article explains how in the 1950s and in the 1960s the edification of the sportsman as an example, the rise of spectator sport and the growing mediatization created a massive gap between sporting heroes, celebrities promoted by sports and political organs, and unofficial celebrities that rose from mass mobilization and fandom.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>СССР</kwd><kwd>советский спорт</kwd><kwd>спортивные знаменитости</kwd><kwd>СМИ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>USSR</kwd><kwd>soviet sport</kwd><kwd>sport celebrities</kwd><kwd>media</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Какие мастера нам нужны (о «чемпионстве»). Физкультура и спорт, 1928, 39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrews D.L., Jackson S.J. 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