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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2022-4-8-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-29</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Насилие и сакральное как топос французской мысли XX–XXI веков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Violence and the Sacred as the Topos of 20st–21st Century French Thought</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5822-9014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыгмонт</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zygmont</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зыгмонт Алексей Игоревич — кандидат философских наук, старший научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательской лаборатории комплексных исторических исследований Школы актуальных гуманитарных исследований Института общественных наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei I. Zygmont — Cand Sci. (Philosophy), Senior Research Fellow, Research Laboratory for Complex Historical Research, School for Advanced Studies in the Humanities, Institute for Social Sciences</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekseizygmont@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RANEPA</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3-4</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зыгмонт А.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зыгмонт А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zygmont A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/29">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/29</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья является попыткой рассмотреть концептуальную связку насилия и сакрального как общее место (или «топос») французской научной, философской и религиозной мысли XX–XXI веков и объяснить, почему эта тема была столь актуальна и привлекала множество непохожих мыслителей. В качестве основных примеров взято шесть авторов: Ж. Батай, Р. Кайуа, Р. Жирар, Э. Левинас, М. Элиаде, Ю. Кристева. В целях анализа в работе выделяются три «общих множителя», которые объединяют всех или часть из них. Во-первых, это общее влияние со стороны французской социологической школы (Э. Дюркгейма, А. Юбера и М. Мосса, Ж. Дюмезиля, Р. Герца и других). В числе прочего, эти ученые рассматривали значение в религии крови, жестокой аскезы и жертвоприношения, а также концептуализировали насилие как залог социального единения (Дюркгейм) либо как фактор перехода из профанного мира в сакральный (Юбер и Мосс). Во-вторых, рефлексия этих шести мыслителей была инспирирована реальным насилием, к осмыслению которого они привлекают концепт сакрального. В частности, на их рефлексию серьезно повлиял культурный и личный опыт мировых войн. В-третьих, эта концептуальная связка является для них ценностно заряженной и задействуется для создания новой религии, или гетеродоксального веротворчества. При этом в качестве отправной точки для этого веротворчества используется католическое или православное христианство, христианский атеизм, а также иудаизм. В заключение автор отмечает, что даже если сегодня этот топос практически забыт, то, несомненно, сохраняет значение для истории социологии и философии, а также культуральной истории.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the conceptual pair of violence and the sacred as a commonplace (“topos”) of French scientific, philosophical, and religious thought of the 20th–21th centuries and explains why this pair was so relevant and attracted many dissimilar thinkers. Six authors are taken as the main examples: G. Bataille, R. Caillois, R. Girard, E. Levinas, M. Eliade, and J. Kristeva. For analytic purposes, the author identifies three “common factors” that unite them. Firstly, the influence of the French sociological school (Durkheim, Hubert and Moss, Dumezil, Hertz etc.). Among other things, these scholars studied the religious meaning of blood, violent ascetics and sacrifice, conceptualizing violence as a pledge of social cohesion (Durkheim) or as a factor of transition from the profane to the sacred world (Hubert and Moss). Secondly, the ideas of these six thinkers were inspired by real violence, which they tried to comprehend via the concept of the sacred. In particular, their reflection was influenced by the cultural and personal experience of world wars. Third, this conceptual pair is value-charged and used to create a new religion or interpret the existing ones in heterodox way. As starting point for this creative process, Catholic or Orthodox Christianity, Christian atheism, and Judaism are taken. The author concludes that even if this topos is forgotten today, it undoubtedly remains significant for the history of sociology and philosophy, as well as for cultural history.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>насилие</kwd><kwd>сакральное</kwd><kwd>жертвоприношение</kwd><kwd>война</kwd><kwd>французская социология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>violence</kwd><kwd>sacred</kwd><kwd>sacrifice</kwd><kwd>war</kwd><kwd>French sociology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was written on the basis of the RANEPA state assignment research programme.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зенкин С. 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