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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">QACEUD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-271</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Дети, идиоты и сумасшедшие»: Томас Гоббс и проблемы современной социологии детства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“Children, fools, and madmen”: Thomas Hobbes and the Problems of the Sociology of Childhood</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бардина</surname><given-names>Светлана М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат философских наук, старший научный сотрудник Международного центра современной социологической теории МВШСЭН, старший научный сотрудник Центра социологических исследований РАНХиГС</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neology@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Bardina</surname><given-names>Svetlana M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bardina</surname><given-names>Svetlana M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD (Candidate of Science in Philosophy), senior research fellow of the International Center for Contemporary Social Theory, senior research fellow of the Center for Sociological Research.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Candidate of Science in Philosophy), senior research fellow of the International Center for Contemporary Social Theory, senior research fellow of the Center for Sociological Research.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neology@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московская высшая школа социальных и экономических наук<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">MSSES<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MSSES<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бардина С.М., Bardina S.M., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бардина С.М., Bardina S.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Бардина С.М., Bardina S.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/271">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/271</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается одна из ключевых теоретических проблем «новой социологии детства». Авторы, принадлежащие этому направлению, обращают внимание, что поле исследований детства определяется дуализмом природного и социального: детство рассматривается либо как естественный феномен, либо с позиций социального конструктивизма. Причину этой ситуации связывают с тем, что «детство» как предмет исследования возникло в результате нововременного проекта по поддержанию независимого существования зон социального и природного. Одной из задач современной социологии детства видится преодоление дихотомий Нового времени с помощью радикальной смены концептуального аппарата. В статье подробно анализируется один из нововременных проектов—политическая теория Томаса Гоббса—и роль детства в контексте возникновения бинарных оппозиций. Показано, что ребенок—противоречивая фигура, которая характеризуется, с одной стороны, исключенностью из общества вследствие неразумия наряду с сумасшедшими, с другой стороны—конститутивной ролью в поддержании общественного порядка. Рассматриваются три аспекта осмысления детства: принадлежность выделенной области «домашнего правления», ключевая роль в трансформации природного в социальное, а также специфическая функция «изнанки политического». Внимание к этим аспектам позволяет иначе взглянуть на специфику нововременной концептуализации детства: детство не было привязано к природе в противовес цивилизации, культуры и рациональности, как это утверждает Алан Праут и другие современные теоретики. Напротив, детство принадлежало смешанной области, которая играла основополагающую роль для определения политического пространства и его границ. В связи с этим ставится под сомнение проект возможной смены теоретического языка социологии детства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with one of the key issues in the new social study of childhood. Scholars pay attention to the fact that biosocial dualism remains a leading principle in childhood studies, and childhood is examined through the lens of either culture or nature. As stated by many authors, biosocial dualism in childhood studies originated from the Modern Age, when nature and society were distinguished as two separate zones. Overcoming the dualities of Modernity is seen as one of the main tasks for contemporary childhood studies. In this paper, the author analyzes Thomas Hobbes’ conception of childhood. It is shown that the role of the child in modern thought was ambiguous. On the one hand, children—along with fools and madmen—are placed outside civil society, since all of them lack reason. On the other hand, children play a crucial role for maintaining social order. Three features of modern childhood are most important. First, children belong to a particular area of parental dominion which itself is neither natural nor civil. Second, they help transform the nature of power within this area. Third, childhood functions as a way of representing a political “outside zone”. This reconstruction demonstrates that modern childhood was not exceptionally natural and opposed to society, as Alan Prout and other theorists claim. On the contrary, childhood was crucial for the existence of the “mixed zone”. Moreover, it was highly significant for the defining boundaries of the political sphere. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гоббс</kwd><kwd>детство</kwd><kwd>дуализм</kwd><kwd>новая социология детства</kwd><kwd>Новое время</kwd><kwd>неразумие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>childhood</kwd><kwd>dualism</kwd><kwd>Hobbes</kwd><kwd>The Age of Modernity</kwd><kwd>new social  study of childhood</kwd><kwd>unreason</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гоббс Т. 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