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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">VAAUBA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-257</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Сообщество судьбы»: к военной  истории идей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“Community of Fate”: Towards a Military History of  Ideas</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахштайн</surname><given-names>Виктор С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Декан факультета социальных наук;</p><p>Декан философско-социологического факультета</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avigdor2@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Vakhshtayn</surname><given-names>Victor S.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakhshtayn</surname><given-names>Victor S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Sociology. Dean, Faculty of Sociology;</p><p>Dean, Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avigdor2@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МВСШЭН, РАНХиГС<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="en">MSSES; RANEPA<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вахштайн В.С., Vakhshtayn V.S., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вахштайн В.С., Vakhshtayn V.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Вахштайн В.С., Vakhshtayn V.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/257">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/257</self-uri><abstract><p>Почему один и тот же социологический концепт может быть, по сути, запрещенным в публичной речи и в теории, но одновременно, будучи использованным в другом контексте или по отношению к другому классу объектов, - легитимным? Ответ на этот вопрос требует смены исследовательской установки. От социологистских объяснений и стандартных ходов, используемых в истории понятий, нужно перейти к жанру эпистемологического исследования, проясняющего работу концепта в его взаимодействии с другими понятийными конструкциями,-к жанру военной истории идей. Идея «сообщества судьбы» (Schicksalsgemeinschaft), которой посвящена данная статья, является своего рода модельным объектом для такого рода исследования. Появившись на заре социологии в работах создателей дисциплины Макса Вебера и Георга Зиммеля, сцепка категории «сообщества» с интуицией «судьбы» дала начало для двух разных концептуализаций «судьбической общности». В XX веке это понятие прожило несколько параллельных жизней: в социологической теории, иррационалистской философии и нацистской пропаганде. В этой статье мы проследим историю эволюции, захватов и переопределений понятия «сообщества судьбы» на протяжении последних 100 лет. Цель - не просто реабилитировать «сообщество судьбы» в языке социологии, но показать, при каких обстоятельствах и условиях идея способна выступать как актант, действующее лицо, работая против замысла создателей или даже в интересах захватчиков. Таким образом от военной истории идей мы сможем наметить путь к новой исследовательской аксиоматике - аксиоматике объектно-ориентированной эпистемологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Why can some sociological concepts be actually forbidden in public speech and in theory, but at the same time be legitimately used in a different context or in relation to another class of objects? The answer to this question requires a shift in the research setting. From the sociological explanations and standard patterns used in the history of concepts, it is necessary to move to the genre of epistemological research that clarifies the work of the concept in its interaction with other conceptual structures—to the genre of the military history of ideas. The idea of the “community of fate”(Schicksalsgemeinschaft), which this article is devoted to, is a model object for this kind of research. Originating at the dawn of sociology in the works of Max Weber and Georg Simmel, the combination of the category of “community” with the intuition of “fate” gave rise to the conceptualization of “community of fate”. This concept has lived several parallel lives: in sociological theory, irrationalist philosophy, and Nazi propaganda. The purpose of this article is not just to rehabilitate the “community of fate” in the language of sociology, but to show under what circumstances an idea can act as an actant, sometimes contrary to the intention of its creators. Thus, from the military history of ideas, we can chart a path to a new research axiomatics—the axiomatics of an object-oriented epistemology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сообщество судьбы</kwd><kwd>военная история идей</kwd><kwd>Георг Зиммель</kwd><kwd>Макс Вебер</kwd><kwd>объектно-ориентированная эпистемология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>community of fate</kwd><kwd>military history of ideas</kwd><kwd>Georg Simmel</kwd><kwd>Max  Weber</kwd><kwd>object-oriented epistemology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андерсон Б. (2016) Воображаемые сообщества: размышления об истоках и распространении национализма, М.: Кучково поле.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson B. 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