<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2021-4-169-183</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>После метода — только гиперХаос: ограничения теории социологического метода Джона Ло</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>After Method there is only Hyper-Chaos: limitations of John Law’s Theory of a Social Science Method</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Валерий С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>Valerii S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель факультета социальныхнаук МВШСЭН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>lecturer at the Faculty of Social Sciences at theMoscow School of Social and Economic Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valerii.s.shevchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МВШСЭН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MSSES<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>169</fpage><lpage>183</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевченко В.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевченко В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevchenko V.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/199">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/199</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье обсуждается проблема контингентности в теории метода Дж. Ло и ее теоретические импликации для социальной теории. Теория метода Ло предлагает использовать в качестве легитимного источника социологического знания любой чувственный или познавательный опыт исследователя - телесные ощущения, эмоции и др. - наряду с классическими социологическими методами. Подобная методология вытекает из метафизических предпосылок Ло о том, что классические методы не схватывают «текучие» и изменчивые реалии социального мира, фиксируя лишь их часть. Согласно Ло, чтобы познать «текучие» реалии, нужен гибкий метод, не регулируемый нормативно, то есть, не отвергающий одни формы получаемых данных в пользу других как нелегитимные и «ненаучные». Устранение нормативности научного метода удваивает проблему контингентности - теперь не только знание становится контингентным миру, но и способ его получения контингентен ситуации исследования, поскольку в каждой конкретной ситуации релевантными будут разные методы, а не несколько широко принятых. Проблема подобного теоретического хода заключается в том, что он укореняет познание в субъективности, делая его результаты зависимыми от нее. Это означает невозможность общей науки о социальном, ведь нет процедуры, гарантирующей легитимность данных как релевантных и научных. Чтобы разрешить это противоречие, автор статьи обращается к идеям К. Мейясу об абсолютизации контингентности, говорящим, что лишь математизация знания способна обеспечить несводимость познания к субъективности. Это означает, что единственный логичный способ разрешить противоречие теории Ло - вернуть нормативность, причем в жесткой математической форме. Подобный ход вызывает вопрос о возможности и существующих попытках математизации теории социологии, а не только ее методов. Этот вопрос кратко обсуждается в конце статьи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on the problem of contingency in John Law's theory of sociological method and its theoretical implications for social theory. The theory proposes to use as a legitimate source of sociological knowledge any sensory or cognitive experience of a researcher-bodily sensations, emotions, etc.-along with classical sociological methods. Such a methodology follows from Law's metaphysical premises that classical methods do not grasp the "fluid” and changeable realities of the social world, capturing only a part of them. According to Law, in order to know the "fluid” realities, a flexible method is needed that is not regulated by normative means; that is, a method that does not reject some forms of data obtained in others as illegitimate and "unscientific.” The elimination of the norms of the scientific method doubles the problem of contingency - now not only knowledge becomes contingent to the world, but also the way to obtain it becomes contingent on the situation of research, since in each specific situation different methods will be relevant. The problem with such a theoretical move is that it roots knowledge in subjectivity, making the former dependent on the latter. This means the impossibility of a general science of the social guaranteeing the legitimacy of the data as relevant and scientific. To resolve this contradiction, the author of the article refers to the ideas of Quentin Meillassoux on the absolutization of contingency, arguing that only the mathematization of knowledge can ensure the irreducibility of knowledge to subjectivity. This means that the only logical way to resolve the contradiction of Law's theory is to get normativity back into a rigid mathematical form. Such a move raises the question of the possibility and attempts to mathematize sociological theory, and not just its methods. This issue is discussed briefly at the end of the article.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпистемология</kwd><kwd>социологический метод</kwd><kwd>контингентность</kwd><kwd>корреляционизм</kwd><kwd>математизация социологии</kwd><kwd>акторно-сетевая теория</kwd><kwd>реализм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epistemology</kwd><kwd>sociological method</kwd><kwd>contingency</kwd><kwd>correlationism</kwd><kwd>mathematization of sociology</kwd><kwd>actor-network theory</kwd><kwd>realism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астахов С. (2017) Проблема контингентности в акторно-сетевой теории: диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата философских наук: 09.00.01. - Москва.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astakhov S. (2017) The problem of contingency in actor-network theory: dissertation for the degree of candidate of philosophical sciences: 09.00.01. - Moscow.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брассье Р. (2017) Понятия и объекты. Logos Journal, 27(3).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brassier R. (2017) Concepts and objects. Logos Journal, 27 (3).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вахштайн В. (2005) Возвращение материального. "Пространства", "сети", "потоки" в акторно-сетевой теории. Социологическое обозрение, 4(1). EDN: SZTFJN</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vakhshtayn V. (2005) The return of the material. "Spaces", "networks", "flows" in the actor-network theory.Russian Sociological Review, 4 (1).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов А. Г. (2013) Парадигма Латура: история одного предательства социального конструктивизма в исследованиях науки и технологий. Векторы развития современной России: "границы" в социальных науках: 62-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov A. G. (2013) Latour's paradigm: the story of one betrayal of social constructivism in science and technology research. Development vectors of modern Russia: "borders" in the social sciences: 62-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Леви-Стросс К. (1983). Структурная антропология. Москва.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levi-Strauss C. (1983). Structural Anthropology. Moscow.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ло Дж. (2015). После метода: беспорядок и социальная наука. М.: Издательство Института Гайдара. EDN: TNACHX</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law J. (2015). After Method: Disorder and Social Science. Moscow: Gaidar Institute Publishing House.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мейясу К. (2015) После конечности: Эссе о необходимости контингентности. Екб:Кабинетный ученый.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meillassoux, C. (2015) After the Limit: An Essay on the Need for Contingency. Ekb: 17 Cabinet scientist.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Риккерт Г. (1998) Науки о природе и науки о культуре - М.: Республика.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rickert G. (1998) Nature sciences and cultural sciences - M.: Republic.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Розов Н. (2008). Спор о методе, школа Анналов и перспективы социально-исторического познания. Общественные науки и современность, (1), 145-155. EDN: IPKPRT</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rozov N. (2008). Dispute about the method, the school of the Annals and the prospects for socio-historical knowledge. Social Sciences and Modernity, (1), 145-155.  EDN: IPKPRT</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шевченко В. (2019) Конфликт моделей инаковости в акторно-сетевой теории Джона Ло. Социология власти, 2. EDN: JYPXCP</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shevchenko V. (2019) Conflict of models of otherness in the actor-network theory of John Law. Sociology of Power, 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">фон Нейман Д., Моргенштерн О. (1970) Теория игр и экономическое поведение. М.:Наука.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">von Neumann D., Morgenstern O. (1970) Game theory and economic behavior. M.:Science.Science.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boudon, R. (1972) On the underlying epistemology of some sociological theories and on its scientific consequences. Synthese, 24(3-4), 410-430.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boudon, R. (1972) On the underlying epistemology of some sociological theories and on its scientific consequences. Synthese, 24(3-4), 410-430.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boudon, R. (1981) The crisis in sociology: problems of sociological epistemology - Springer.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boudon, R. (1981) The crisis in sociology: problems of sociological epistemology - Springer.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyd J. P. (1979) The universal semigroup of relations. Social Networks, 2(2), 91-117. EDN: XTWETE</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyd J. P. (1979) The universal semigroup of relations. Social Networks, 2(2), 91-117.  EDN: XTWETE</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Currie, G. (1984). Individualism and global supervenience. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 35, 345-358. EDN: IVVVET</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Currie, G. (1984). Individualism and global supervenience. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 35, 345-358.  EDN: IVVVET</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Currie, G. (1988). Realism in the social sciences: Social kinds and social laws. In R. Nola (Ed.), Relativism and realism in science (pp. 205-227). Dordrecht: Kluwer.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Currie, G. (1988). Realism in the social sciences: Social kinds and social laws. In R. Nola (Ed.), Relativism and realism in science (pp. 205-227). Dordrecht: Kluwer.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Edling, C. R. (2002) Mathematics in sociology. Annual review of sociology, 28(1), 197-220.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Edling, C. R. (2002) Mathematics in sociology. Annual review of sociology, 28(1), 197-220.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gintis, H., &amp; Helbing, D. (2013). Homo socialis: An analytical core for sociological theory. Available at SSRN 2362262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gintis, H., &amp; Helbing, D. (2013). Homo socialis: An analytical core for sociological theory. Available at SSRN 2362262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hammersley M. (2018) Routledge Revivals: The Dilemma of Qualitative Method (1989).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hammersley M. (2018) Routledge Revivals: The Dilemma of Qualitative Method (1989).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herbert Blumer and the Chicago Tradition. Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herbert Blumer and the Chicago Tradition. Routledge.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hedstrom, P. (2005). Dissecting the social: On the principles of analytical sociology. Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hedstrom, P. (2005). Dissecting the social: On the principles of analytical sociology. Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Latour B. (1988) The Pasteurization of France. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Latour B. (1988) The Pasteurization of France. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Law J., Singleton V. (2000) Performing technology's stories: On social constructivism, performance, and performativity. Technology and Culture. - Т. 41. - №. 4. EDN: HAQQYB</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law J., Singleton V. (2000) Performing technology's stories: On social constructivism, performance, and performativity. Technology and Culture. - Т. 41. - №. 4.  EDN: HAQQYB</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Law J. (1975) Is epistemology redundant?A sociological view. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 5(3), 317-337.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law J. (1975) Is epistemology redundant?A sociological view. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 5(3), 317-337.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Law J. (1991) Introduction: monsters, machines and sociotechnical relations. Law J. (Ed.) A sociology of monsters: Essays on power, technology, and domination. Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law J. (1991) Introduction: monsters, machines and sociotechnical relations. Law J. (Ed.) A sociology of monsters: Essays on power, technology, and domination. Routledge.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Law J. (2002) Objects and spaces. Theory, culture &amp; society, 19(5-6), 91-105. EDN: JTTJJJ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law J. (2002) Objects and spaces. Theory, culture &amp; society, 19(5-6), 91-105.  EDN: JTTJJJ</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Law J. (2011). Collateral realities. The politics of knowledge №157.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law J. (2011). Collateral realities. The politics of knowledge №157.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee N., Brown S. (1994) Otherness and the actor network: the undiscovered continent. American Behavioral Scientist. - Т. 37. - №. 6. - С. 772-790. EDN: JKKRQR</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee N., Brown S. (1994) Otherness and the actor network: the undiscovered continent. American Behavioral Scientist. - Т. 37. - №. 6. - С. 772-790.  EDN: JKKRQR</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Star S. L. (1990) Power, technology and the phenomenology of conventions: on being allergic to onions. The Sociological Review, 3S(S1), 26-56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Star S. L. (1990) Power, technology and the phenomenology of conventions: on being allergic to onions. The Sociological Review, 3S(S1), 26-56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strathern M. (1996) Cutting the network. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. - p. 517-535.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strathern M. (1996) Cutting the network. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. - p. 517-535.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wasserman, S., &amp; Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications Windelband W. (1894) Geschichte und Naturwissenschaft - Strassbourg. EDN: HEPTJF</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wasserman, S., &amp; Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications Windelband W. (1894) Geschichte und Naturwissenschaft - Strassbourg.  EDN: HEPTJF</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mol A. (1998) Missing links, making links: the performance of some atherosclerosis. Mol A., Berg D. (Eds.) Differences in medicine: Unravelling practices, techniques and bodies. Mol A. (2002) The body multiple: Ontology in medical practice. - Duke University Press. Pettit, P. (2003). Groups with minds of their own. In F. F. Schmitt (Ed.), Socializing metaphysics. The nature of social reality (pp. 167-194).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mol A. (1998) Missing links, making links: the performance of some atherosclerosis. Mol A., Berg D. (Eds.) Differences in medicine: Unravelling practices, techniques and bodies. Mol A. (2002) The body multiple: Ontology in medical practice. - Duke University Press. Pettit, P. (2003). Groups with minds of their own. In F. F. Schmitt (Ed.), Socializing metaphysics. The nature of social reality (pp. 167-194).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lanham: Rowman &amp; Littlefield. Sawyer, R. K. (2002). Nonreductive individualism part i: Supervenience and wild disjunction. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 32, 537-559. EDN: JOSNKP</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lanham: Rowman &amp; Littlefield. Sawyer, R. K. (2002). Nonreductive individualism part i: Supervenience and wild disjunction. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 32, 537-559.  EDN: JOSNKP</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
