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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2021-4-147-168</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-198</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Критика антропологического разума»: несомненная истина и кубинские предсказатели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“The Critique of Anthropological Reason”: Indubitable Truth and Cuban Divination</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9537-3309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Мария Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>Maria</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> магистр социологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MA in Sociology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">greasedfungi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">РАНХиГС<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">RANEPA<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>147</fpage><lpage>168</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волкова М.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волкова М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkova M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/198">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/198</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье анализируются подходы к исследованию «очевидно иррациональных верований» в антропологии. Автор прослеживает, как дебаты, возникшие в 1960-х вокруг работы Эванса-Причарда о магии азанде, получили новое развитие в контексте онтологического поворота. Основное внимание уделено тому, как этот вопрос решает Мартин Холбрад. Он доказывает, что Эванс-Причард был предшественником онтологического поворота, а его аргумент о фундаментальном различии между «эмпирической каузальностью» и «мистической каузальностью» остался не замечен его последователями. Холбрад развивает аргумент Эванса-Причарда, опираясь на собственное эмпирическое исследование кубинских практик предсказания Ифа. Он стремится доказать, что регион «мистической каузальности» автономен. Этот регион имеет «подвижную онтологию», которая обусловливает возможность существования альтернативных критериев истины предсказателей. В свою очередь, эти критерии позволяют рассматривать вердикты оракулов как несомненную и нерепрезентативную истину. Холбрад предлагает использовать непрезентативную истину оракулов и переописать эпистемологические основания антропологии так, чтобы антропологи могли формулировать истинностные высказывания, но не допускали существования универсальных критериев суждения. Однако этот ход не удается, потому что Холбрад допускает противоречие, обосновывая автономность двух регионов каузальности. Согласно некоторым его утверждениям, эти два региона взаимообусловлены: каждых их них является «условием» или «предпосылкой» другого, хотя они логически несовместимы. Автор предлагает решение, которые позволяет определить независимое основание для обоих регионов. Для этого она переопределяет понятие веры, которым оперируют Де Кастро и Холбрад, и обращается к неоветгеншейниаским интерпретациям трактата «О достоверности» Витгенштейна.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper approaches the study of ‘apparently irrational beliefs' in anthropology. The author traces how the debate that emerged in the 1960s around Evans-Pritchard's work on Azande magic has developed in the context of the ontological turn. The author focuses on how Martin Holbraad is engaged in the debate. Holbraad argues that Evans-Pritchard was the forerunner of the ontological turn. His followers have overlooked his argument about the fundamental difference between ‘empirical causality' and ‘mystical causality'. Holbraad develops Evans-Pritchard's idea by drawing on his empirical study of Cuban practices of Ifa divination. He seeks to prove that the region of ‘mystical causality' is autonomous. This region has a ‘movable ontology', which makes it possible to have alternative criteria for the truth of predictors. In turn, these criteria allow the verdicts of the oracles to be regarded as indubitable truth. Holbraad suggests exploiting the unrepresentative truth of oracles and rewriting anthropology's epistemological foundations so that anthropologists can formulate truth statements but do not allow for the existence of universal criteria of judgment. However, this move fails because Holbraad admits a contradiction by justifying the autonomy of the two regions of causality. According to some of his assertions, the two regions are interdependent: each is a "condition” or "prerequisite” of the other, though logically, they are incompatible. The author proposes a solution that makes it possible to define an independent ground for both regions. He analyses how Holbraad and De Castro understand the concept of belief and suggests an alternative conceptualisation of belief, referring to interpretations of Wittgenstein's "On Certainty”.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антропологическая теория</kwd><kwd>объективная уверенность</kwd><kwd>эпистемология</kwd><kwd>онтологических поворот</kwd><kwd>Холбрад</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anthropological theory</kwd><kwd>certainty</kwd><kwd>epistemology</kwd><kwd>hinges</kwd><kwd>ontological turn</kwd><kwd>Holbraad</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бардина С. М. (2014). Всегда ли социолог - критик, а критик - социолог? Концептуализация исследовательской критики в витгенштейнианской теории. Социология власти, (4): 79-96. EDN: THXSRZ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bardina S. 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