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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2021-3-238-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TIUOTR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-187</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Между Индианой Джонсом и врачом без границ: к проблематизации поля в современной лингвистике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Between Indiana Jones and aDoctor Without Borders: a Problematization of the “Field” in Contemporary Linguistics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8475-0754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Космарский</surname><given-names>Артем А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosmarski</surname><given-names>Artyom A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>MA in Sociology (CEU/University of the State of New York), старший научный сотрудник Центра прикладных и полевых исследований Института исследований культуры НИУ ВШЭ; заместитель руководителя Лаборатории исследований блокчейна в образовании и науке ГАУГН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MA in Sociology (CEU/University of the State of NewYork), senior researcher, Centre for Applied and Field Research, Institute of Cultural Studies, Faculty of Urban and Regional Development, HSE University; deputy head of the Laboratory for the Study of Blockchain in Education and Science(LIBON), State Academic University forthe Humanities (GAUGN)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akosmarskii@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственный академический университет гуманитарных наук;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Academic University for the Humanities; HSE University, Moscow, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>238</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Космарский А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Космарский А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosmarski A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/187">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/187</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая работа посвящена проблематизации полевой лингвистики - дисциплины, по определению А. Е. Кибрика, разрабатывающей и практикующей методы получения информации о неизвестном исследователю языке на основании работы с его носителями. Рассматривается колониальная генеалогия дисциплины в XVI-XIX веках, маргинализация полевых методов и поля вообще в лингвистике в 1960-1980-е годы из-за расцвета структурной и генеративной лингвистики, переоткрытие поля уже на новом этапе в связи с пониманием необходимости как можно скорее зафиксировать и сохранить тысячи умирающих языков. В отличие от социальной и культурной антропологии, где распад колониальных империй заставил пересмотреть понимание поля как обязательного отъезда на экзотическую территорию, в лингвистике акцент на умирающие языки привязывает полевую работу к местам, пережившим колониализм. Утверждается оппозиция умирающих «примитивных» культур и уничтожающей их современности. Защита умирающих языков провозглашена главным основанием науки, и достигнуть В данной научной работе использованы результаты проекта «Полевые исследования: наука за пределами лабораторий и библиотек и ее современные трансформации», выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2021 г. этой цели ученый не может без помощи местного сообщества, и он обязан выплачивать этот долг. Иными словами, этос полевой лингвистики выстроен, прежде всего, относительно информантов (принимающего сообщества). Чисто научные цели понимаются как самоочевидные и не требующие отдельных мотивационных текстов. Особое внимание в статье уделяется амбивалентности новой легитимации полевой лингвистики (возможно ли сохранение языков?), противопоставлению эмпириков кабинетным лингвистам, а также критическому анализу мифологий поля в лингвистике и имплицитного конфликта между этическим и эстетическим самообоснованиями дисциплины. При всем дистанцировании от викторианской науки с ее джентльменами-любителями последняя все равно присутствует как точка отчета, как основание дисциплины. Статья написана на материале книг, статей и учебных пособий лингвистов, а также серии глубинных интервью (N=6) с российскими индологами-полевиками, взятых в 2021 г.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper is devoted to the problematization of field linguistics, a discipline, as defined by A.E. Kibrik, which develops and practices methods of obtaining information about a language unknown to the researcher on the basis of working with the language’s speakers. We examine the discipline’s colonial genealogy (XVI-XIX centuries), the marginalization of field methods and the subdiscipline in linguistics of the 1960s and 1980s, due to the flowering ofstructural and generative linguistics, and the rediscovery of the field, already on a new level, due to the understanding of the need to record and preserve thousands of dying languages. In contrast to social and cultural anthropology, where the collapse of colonial empires forced a rethinking of the field as an obligatory departure to exotic territories, in linguistics the emphasis on dying languages ties fieldwork to places that survived colonialism, i.e. affirms the opposition of dying “primitive” cultures and the modernity that destroysthem. Since the defense of languages under the threat of extinction is proclaimed asthe main foundation of the discipline, the scholars may perform their work insofar as the local communities help them, and they are obliged to repay this debt indefinitely. In other words, the ethos of field linguistics is constructed primarily in relation to informants (the host community) - purely scientific goals are understood as self-evident and do not require separate motivational texts. Particular attention is paid to the ambivalence of the new legitimation of field linguistics (isit possible to preserve languages?), the empirical opposition of “empiricists” versus “arm-chair” linguists, and the critical analysis of field mythologiesin linguistics and the implicit conflict between ethical and aesthetic self-justifications of the discipline - despite all distancing from Victorian science, with its gentlemen scholars, the latter is still present as a reference point, as the foundation of the discipline. This article was written on the basis of analysis of books, articles, and textbooks by linguists, as well as a series of in-depth interviews (N=6) with Russian linguists, experts in the languages of India (conducted in 2021)</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лингвистика</kwd><kwd>поле</kwd><kwd>этос науки</kwd><kwd>мифология науки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>linguistics</kwd><kwd>fieldwork</kwd><kwd>ethos of science</kwd><kwd>mythology of science</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арно А., Лансло К. (1990) Грамматика общая и рациональная Пор-Рояля, М.: Прогресс.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aikhenvald A.Y. (2007) Linguistic fieldwork: setting thescene. Linguistic Fieldwork. 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