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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2021-3-209-237</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">NYTOET</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полевая наука на море: история морских биологических станций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Field Science at Sea: A History of Marine Biological Stations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-3957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лайус</surname><given-names>Юлия А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lajus</surname><given-names>Julia</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сотрудник Лаборатория экологическойи технологической истории Центра исторических исследований СанктПетербургской школы гуманитарных наук и искусств, НИУ Высшая школаэкономики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of Laboratory for Environmental and TechnologicalHistory, Center for Historical Research, St. Petersburg School of Arts and Humanities, National Research University Higher School of Economics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jlajus@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»&#13;
(НИУ ВШЭ) в Санкт-Петербурге<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics, St. Petersburg<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>209</fpage><lpage>237</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лайус Ю.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лайус Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lajus J.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/186">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/186</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная обзорная статья очерчивает основные линии достаточно долгой и запутанной истории морских биологических станций в России, и показывает, как связаны между собой большинство рассматриваемых станций через людей, их создававших и развивавших. Основное внимание уделяется российским станциям, расположенным на берегах северных морей, часть из которых и до нашего времени продолжает играть значимую роль в образовании будущих биологов двух ведущих университетов страны. Об истории морских биологических станций написано очень много, но при этом есть ощущение, что знает о них и их значении все же достаточно узкий круг. Статья подходит к рассмотрению истории станций как к единому потоку, разбивающемуся на отдельные ручейки, и иногда собирающемся снова, и о наследии этой особой исследовательской культуры, выросшей в России из общего европейского корня, но претерпевшей существенные трансформации в советское время. В центре внимания оказываются станции, расположенные на Белом и Баренцевом морях, поскольку их история начинается раньше, чем, например, история станций на дальневосточных морях, она гораздо лучше изучена, а также потому, что автор имеет собственный опыт работы на одной из таких станций в 1980-90-е годы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review article outlines the main lines of the rather long and confused history of marine biological stations in Russia, and shows how most of the stations in question are linked through the people who established and developed them. The focus is on the Russian stations located on the coasts of the northern seas, some of which continue to play an important role in the education of future biologists in the two leading universities of the country. Much has been written about the history of marine biological stations, but at the same time there is a feeling that it is still a rather narrow circle of scholars that knows about them and their significance. The article approaches the history of the stations as a single stream, splitting into separate streams and sometimes gathering again. It focuses on the legacy of this particular research culture, which had grown in Russia from a common European root, but which underwent significant transformations during the Soviet era. The focus is on the stations located in the White and Barents Seas, for the reason that their history starts earlier than, for example, the history of stations on the Far East seas, is much better studied, and also because the author had her own experience of working at one of such stations in the 1980s and 1990s.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экологическая и  технологическая история</kwd><kwd>история науки</kwd><kwd>история исследований и освоения Арктики и Мирового океана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ecological and technological history</kwd><kwd>history ofscience</kwd><kwd>history of research and development of the Arctic and the World Ocean</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев А.П. (1997) Н.М. Книпович и промысловая океанология. Океанология</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adler A. 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