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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2023-2-139-155</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОСЕМАНТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOSEMANTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Грамматика поведения человека и биосемантика</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Grammar of Human Behavior and Biosemantics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-8089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сериков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serikov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сериков Андрей Евгеньевич — кандидат философских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры философии</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Serikov Andrei Evgenievich — Candidate of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aeserikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Самарский национальный исследовательский университет имени академика С.П. Королева<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Samara National Research University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>139</fpage><lpage>155</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сериков А.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сериков А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serikov A.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/102">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/102</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье ставится вопрос, какие подходы в семиотике и лингвистике, помимо структуралистской семиологии, могут быть источниками инноваций в антропологии и социальной теории. Автор предлагает вариант понимания поведения человека, называемый по аналогии с языковыми грамматиками «грамматикой поведения» и основанный частично на теории поля К. Левина, частично — на биосемантике Р. Г. Милликэн. В рамках семиотического подхода к объяснению человеческого поведения отдельные действия могут пониматься как знаки, выражающие смысл других действий. Социальные смыслы связывают действия в единую цепочку и извлекаются из смыслов предыдущих действий. Данная модель, в целом верная, является слишком абстрактной и требует более детального объяснения того, как именно извлекаются смыслы. Объяснение может состоять в том, что действия опосредованы ситуациями в соответствии с формулой К. Левина: реализуемая форма поведения является функцией ситуации, понимаемой как совокупность свойств действующей личности и обстоятельств, в которой она находится. Если эту идею выразить в форме правил, согласно которым типичная форма поведения реализуется человеком, обладающим типичным социальным статусом, находящимся в типичном психофизиологическом состоянии и типичных обстоятельствах, то получится вариант так называемой «грамматики поведения», эксплицирующей врожденные предрасположенности и имплицитные правила культуры. Вопрос о том, как понимать типичные для той или иной культуры формы поведения и ситуации, можно решить на основании биосемантики Р. Г. Милликэн. Они могут быть поняты как естественные конвенции — такие, для существования которых достаточно двух условий: чтобы они воспроизводились и чтобы это воспроизводство было основано на значимости прецедентов. Эта идея позволяет объяснить, с одной стороны, как возникают и распространяются конвенциональные формы типичного поведения и понимания типичных ситуаций, а с другой стороны, каким образом существует множество нетипичных ситуаций и нетипичных форм поведения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Within the semiotic approach to explaining human behavior, individual actions can be understood as signs expressing senses of other actions. Such an understanding makes it possible to combine the description of actions in the individual and systemic societal perspective. The individual sense of an action refers to a finite number of other actions given to a person both in consciousness and in bodily experience as a whole. Social senses link actions into a single chain and are extracted from the senses of previous actions. This model, while generally correct, is too abstract and requires a more detailed explanation of exactly how senses are extracted. The suggested possible explanation is that actions are mediated by situations in accordance with the formula of K. Lewin: the actual form of behavior is a function of the situation, understood as a set of properties of the acting person and her circumstances. The idea being expressed in the form of rules, according to which a typical form of behavior is performed by a person with a typical social status, being in a typical psychophysiological state and typical circumstances, gets a variant of the so-called “grammar of behavior”, explicating innate predispositions and implicit rules of culture. The question of how to understand the forms of behavior and situations typical for a particular culture can be solved on the basis of the biosemantics of R.G. Millikan. They can be understood as natural conventions — such that two conditions are sufficient for their existence: that they reproduce, and that this reproduction be based on the weight of precedents. Conventional language constructs are understood in biosemantics as lineages of tokens that were copied from each other and copies of which were used for repeated solutions to the same problem. They may have appeared by accident, but they survive and proliferate due to the performance of a vital function. At the same time, it is not at all necessary that the absolute majority of people conform to these conventions, just as the conventions do not have to be explicit prescriptions. Ideas about what forms of behavior are most appropriate in a given situation cannot be the same for different people, but this does not prevent the proliferation of conventional behavior.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поведение человека</kwd><kwd>грамматика</kwd><kwd>правило</kwd><kwd>конвенция</kwd><kwd>значение</kwd><kwd>ситуация</kwd><kwd>социальная теория</kwd><kwd>биосемантика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human behavior</kwd><kwd>grammar</kwd><kwd>rule</kwd><kwd>convention</kwd><kwd>meaning</kwd><kwd>situation</kwd><kwd>social theory</kwd><kwd>biosemantics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамов Р.Н., Быков А.В., Гаврилов К.А., Девятко И.Ф., Катерный И.В., Подвойский Д. Г., Романовский Н.В., Сапов В.В. 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