<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">socofpower</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Социология власти</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sociology of Power</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0492</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-144X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2074-0492-2023-2-119-138</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">socofpower-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕПЛЕТЕННЫЙ СЕМИОЗИС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERTWINED SEMIOSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Коммуникация животных: от человека к обезьяне и от насекомого к систематике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Animal Communication: From Human to Monkey, from Insect to Systematics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8848-2726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белов Михаил Дмитриевич — студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belov Mikael Dmitrievich — student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikaelbelov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московская высшая школа социальных и экономических наук (МВШСЭН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences (MSSES)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>138</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белов М.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белов М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belov M.D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/101">https://socofpower.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/101</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье критически рассматривается антропоцентричность социологии, ее нынешние ограничения, касающиеся исследований нечеловеческих существ, на  примере исследований коммуникации животных и межвидового взаимодействия. В статье показывается, с опорой на несколько ключевых теоретических направлений, как фокус традиционной социологии на человеческой социальности может быть расширен за счет включения нечеловеческих существ. Для понимания состояния такой социологии вводится понятие антропоморфоцентризма как объяснение текущей позиции области, отражающей желание выйти за рамки изучения людей, но нежелание исследовать нечеловеческие сущности без человекоподобных атрибутов. Автор описывает существующие ограничения, предлагает методологические шаги и эксплицирует эпистемологические и онтологические особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при включении животных как объектов изучения социологии. Предлагается, по примеру конверсационного анализа как строгого эмпирического метода, заменить перенос существующих человеческих систематик на создание новых на основе данных о каждом взаимодействии, будь то взаимодействие между человеком и животным, между животными одного вида или межвидовое взаимодействие; таким образом, подчеркивается необходимость эмпирического подхода к исследованиям видовой и межвидовой систематик. В статье делается вывод, что переход от антропоцентризма и антропоморфоцентризма к расширительному исследованию коммуникации живых существ необходим для получения валидных данных, формулирования выводов и конструирования теорий в социологии. Однако при таком продвижении необходимо помнить об ограничениях заимствованных человеческих концепций и механизмов в интерпретации нечеловеческих взаимодействий, также накладывающих свои отпечатки на процесс и результат исследований нечеловеческого взаимодействия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article critically examines sociology’s anthropocentricity and its current limitations in research on nonhuman beings, using animal communication and interspecies interaction as examples. The paper demonstrates, drawing on several key theoretical strands, how the focus of traditional sociology on human sociality can be extended to include nonhuman beings. To understand the state of such sociology, the notion of anthropomorphocentrism is introduced as an explanation of the field’s current position, reflecting a desire to go beyond the study of humans, but a reluctance to explore non-human entities without human-like attributes. The author describes existing limitations, proposes methodological steps, and explicates the epistemological and ontological features to be considered when including animals as objects of study in sociology. It is proposed, following the example of convergence analysis as a rigorous empirical method, to replace the transfer of existing human taxonomies with the creation of new taxonomies based on data on each interaction, be it between humans and animals, between animals of the same species or between species. The author thus stresses the need for an empirical approach to research on species and interspecies taxonomies. The article concludes that a move away from anthropocentrism and anthropomorphocentrism towards an expansive study of living creature communication is necessary to generate valid data, formulate conclusions, and construct theories in sociology. However, in making this move, one must be mindful of the limitations of borrowed human concepts and mechanisms in interpreting non-human interactions, which also impinge on the process and outcome of non-human interaction research.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коммуникация</kwd><kwd>коммуникация животных</kwd><kwd>социология животных</kwd><kwd>антропоцентризм</kwd><kwd>антропоморфоцентризм</kwd><kwd>конверсационный анализ</kwd><kwd>семиотика</kwd><kwd>теория коммуникации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>communication</kwd><kwd>animal communication</kwd><kwd>animal sociology</kwd><kwd>anthropocentrism</kwd><kwd>anthropomorphocentrism</kwd><kwd>conversation analysis</kwd><kwd>semiotics</kwd><kwd>communication theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов М.Д., Ерофеева М.А. (2022) Эпистемика наносит ответный удар: ситуативность и порядки взаимодействия в конверсационном анализе. Социология власти, 34 (3-4): 50-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov M.D., Erofeeva M.A. (2022) Epistemics Strikes Back: Situationality and Interaction Orders in Conversational Analysis. Sociology of Power, 34 (3-4): 50-71. — in Russ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кловат Н. (2018) Рефлексивный антропоморфизм: неведение онтологии или невежественная онтология? Социологический журнал, (1): 8-33. doi: 10.19181/ socjour.2018.24.1.5711</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klowait N. (2018) Reflexive anthropomorphism: ignorant ontology or ignorant ontology? Journal of Sociology, (1): 8-33. doi: 10.19181/socjour.2018.24.1.5711. — in Russ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Латур Б. (2007) Об интеробъективности. Социологическое обозрение, 6 (2): 79-98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Latour B. (2007) On interobjectivity. Sociological Review, 6 (2): 79-98. — in Russ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Латур Б. (2014) Пересборка социального: введение в акторно-сетевую теорию, Изд. дом Высшей школы экономики.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Latour B. (2014) Reassembling the social: an introduction to actor-network theory, Higher School of Economics Publishing House. — in Russ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хомский Н. (1962) Синтаксические структуры. In В.А. Звегинцев (Ed.) Новое в лингвистике, Vol. II: pp. 412-527. Издательство иностранной литературы.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chomsky N. (1962) Syntactic structures. In V.A. Zvegintsev (Ed.) New in Linguistics, Vol. II: 412-527. Publishers of Foreign Literature. — in Russ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arathoon J. (2023) Using ethnomethodology as an approach to explore human– animal interaction. Area, 00: 1–7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arathoon J. (2023)  Using ethnomethodology as an approach to explore human– animal interaction. Area, 00: 1–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beisel U., Kelly A.H., Tousignant N. (2013) Knowing Insects: Hosts, Vectors and Companions of Science. Science as Culture, 22(1): 1–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beisel U., Kelly A.H., Tousignant N. (2013) Knowing Insects: Hosts, Vectors and Companions of Science. Science as Culture, 22(1): 1–15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyden S., Miller S., Newcombe K., O’Neill B. (1981) The Ecology of a City and its People: The Case of Hong Kong, Canberra: Australian National University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyden S., Miller S., Newcombe K., O’Neill B. (1981) The Ecology of a City and its People: The Case of Hong Kong, Canberra: Australian National University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bronfenbrenner U. (1979) The Ecology of Human Development, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bronfenbrenner U. (1979) The Ecology of Human Development, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Call J., Tomasello M. (Eds.). (2007) The gestural communication of apes and monkeys, New York: LEA.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Call J., Tomasello M. (Eds.). (2007) The gestural communication of apes and monkeys, New York: LEA.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cartmill E.A., Beilock S., Goldin-Meadow S. (2012) A word in the hand: action, gesture, and mental representation in humans and non-human primates. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B., 367: 129-143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cartmill E.A., Beilock S., Goldin-Meadow S. (2012) A word in the hand: action, gesture, and mental representation in humans and non-human primates. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B., 367: 129-143.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cartmill E.A., Byrne R.W. (2010) Semantics of orangutan gesture: Determining structure and meaning through form and use. Animal Cognition, 13: 793–804.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cartmill E.A., Byrne R.W. (2010) Semantics of orangutan gesture: Determining structure and meaning through form and use. Animal Cognition, 13: 793–804.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chomsky N. (1986) Knowledge of Language: Its nature, origin and use, Praeger.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chomsky N. (1986) Knowledge of Language: Its nature, origin and use, Praeger.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chomsky N. (1972) Language and mind. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chomsky N. (1972) Language and mind. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chomsky N. (2008) “On the Myth of Ape Language.” Interview by Matt Aames Cucchiaro. available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20150930045521/http://www. chomsky.info/interviews/2007----.htm de</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chomsky N. (2008) “On the Myth of Ape Language.” Interview by Matt Aames Cucchiaro. available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20150930045521/http://www. chomsky.info/interviews/2007----.htm de</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waal F. (2000) Chimpanzee Politics: Power and Sex Among Apes, Revised ed. Baltimore: JHU Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waal F. (2000) Chimpanzee Politics: Power and Sex Among Apes, Revised ed. Baltimore: JHU Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duranti A. (1997) Universal and Culture-Specific Properties of Greetings. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 7: 63-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duranti A. (1997) Universal and Culture-Specific Properties of Greetings. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 7: 63-97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frisch K. von (1966) The Dancing Bees: An Account of the Life and Senses of the Honey Bee, New York: Harcourt, Brace and World.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frisch K. von (1966) The Dancing Bees: An Account of the Life and Senses of the Honey Bee, New York: Harcourt, Brace and World.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fröhlich M. (2017) Taking turns across channels: Conversation-analytic tools in animal communication. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 80: 201-209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fröhlich M. (2017) Taking turns across channels: Conversation-analytic tools in animal communication. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 80: 201-209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frhlich M., Kuchenbuch P., Müller G., Fruth B., Furuichi T., Wittig R.M., Pika S. (2016) Unpeeling the layers of language: Bonobos and chimpanzees engage in cooperative turn-taking sequences. Sci. Rep., 6: 25887.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frhlich M., Kuchenbuch P., Müller G., Fruth B., Furuichi T., Wittig R.M., Pika S. (2016) Unpeeling the layers of language: Bonobos and chimpanzees engage in cooperative turn-taking sequences. Sci. Rep., 6: 25887.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genty E., Breuer T., Hobaiter C., Byrne R.W. (2009) Gestural communication of the gorilla (Gorilla gorilla): Repertoire, intentionality and possible origins. Animal Cognition, 12: 527–546.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genty E., Breuer T., Hobaiter C., Byrne R.W. (2009) Gestural communication of the gorilla (Gorilla gorilla): Repertoire, intentionality and possible origins. Animal Cognition, 12: 527–546.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goodwin C. (2018) Intertwined knowing, In Co-operative Action (pp. 93-104). Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goodwin C. (2018) Intertwined knowing, In Co-operative Action (pp. 93-104). Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heritage J. (2012) The epistemic engine: Sequence organization and territories of knowledge. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 45 (1): 30-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heritage J. (2012) The epistemic engine: Sequence organization and territories of knowledge. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 45 (1): 30-52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kita S. (Ed.). (2003) Pointing: Where language, cognition, and culture meet, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kita S. (Ed.). (2003) Pointing: Where language, cognition, and culture meet, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohn E. (2013) How Forests Think: Toward an Anthropology beyond the human, Berkeley: University of California Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohn E. (2013) How Forests Think: Toward an Anthropology beyond the human, Berkeley: University of California Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawrence Wieder D. (1980) “Behavioristic operationalism and the lifeworld: chimpanzees and chimpanzee researchers in face-to-face interaction”, Sociological Inquiry, 50(3-4): 75–103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawrence Wieder D. (1980) “Behavioristic operationalism and the lifeworld: chimpanzees and chimpanzee researchers in face-to-face interaction”, Sociological Inquiry, 50(3-4): 75–103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levinson S.C. (2006) On the human “interaction engine”. In N. J. Enfield, &amp; S.C. Levinson (Eds.) Roots of human sociality: Culture, cognition and interaction (pp. 39-69). Oxford: Berg.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levinson S.C. (2006) On the human “interaction engine”. In N. J. Enfield, &amp; S.C. Levinson (Eds.) Roots of human sociality: Culture, cognition and interaction (pp. 39-69). Oxford: Berg.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Logue D., Stivers T. (2012) Squawk in interaction: a primer of conversation analysis for students of animal communication. Behaviour,149: 1283-1298. 10.2307/41720615.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Logue D., Stivers T. (2012) Squawk in interaction: a primer of conversation analysis for students of animal communication. Behaviour,149: 1283-1298. 10.2307/41720615.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McNeill J.R. (2010) Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean: 1620–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McNeill J.R. (2010) Mosquito Empires: Ecology and War in the Greater Caribbean: 1620–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mondada L. (2018) Multiple Temporalities of Language and Body in Interaction: Challenges for Transcribing Multimodality. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 51(1): 85–106. doi:10.1080/08351813.2018.1413</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mondada L. (2018) Multiple Temporalities of Language and Body in Interaction: Challenges for Transcribing Multimodality. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 51(1): 85–106. doi:10.1080/08351813.2018.1413</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mondada L., Meguerditchian A. (2022) Sequence organization and embodied mutual orientations: openings of social interactions between baboons. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2022: 377 (1859).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mondada L., Meguerditchian A. (2022) Sequence organization and embodied mutual orientations: openings of social interactions between baboons. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2022: 377 (1859).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mondémé C. (2016) Extension de la question de “l’ordre social” aux interactions hommes/animaux. une approche ethnométhodologique. L’Année sociologique, 66: 319- 350. https://doi.org/10.3917/anso.162.0319</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mondémé C. (2016) Extension de la question de “l’ordre social” aux interactions hommes/animaux. une approche ethnométhodologique. L’Année sociologique, 66: 319- 350. https://doi.org/10.3917/anso.162.0319</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mondémé C. (2022) Why study turn-taking sequences in interspecies interactions? Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 52(1): 67– 85. https://doi. org/10.1111/jtsb.12295</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mondémé C. (2022)  Why study turn-taking sequences in interspecies interactions?  Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 52(1): 67–  85. https://doi. org/10.1111/jtsb.12295</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mller M. (2015) Assemblages and actor-networks: Rethinking socio-material power, politics and space. Geography Compass, 9(1): 27-41. doi:10.1111/gec3.12192</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mller M. (2015) Assemblages and actor-networks: Rethinking socio-material power, politics and space. Geography Compass, 9(1): 27-41. doi:10.1111/gec3.12192</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patterson F. (2019) Linguistic Capabilities of a Lowland Gorilla. In Sign Language And Language Acquisition In Man And Ape (pp. 212-258). doi:10.4324/9780429306020-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patterson F. (2019) Linguistic Capabilities of a Lowland Gorilla. In Sign Language And Language Acquisition In Man And Ape (pp. 212-258). doi:10.4324/9780429306020-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patterson F., Linden E. (1981/2002) The Education of Koko, The Gorilla Foundation.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patterson F., Linden E. (1981/2002) The Education of Koko, The Gorilla Foundation.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramsden E., Adams J. (2009) Escaping the Laboratory: The Rodent Experiments of John B. Calhoun &amp; Their Cultural Influence. Journal of Social History, 42: 761-792. 10.1353/jsh.0.0156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramsden E., Adams J. (2009) Escaping the Laboratory: The Rodent Experiments of John B. Calhoun &amp; Their Cultural Influence. Journal of Social History, 42: 761-792. 10.1353/jsh.0.0156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rheinberger H.-J. (1997) Toward a History of Epistemic Things: Synthesizing Proteins in the Test Tube, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rheinberger H.-J. (1997) Toward a History of Epistemic Things: Synthesizing Proteins in the Test Tube, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rheinberger H.-J. (2010) An Epistemology of the Concrete: Twentieth Century Histories of Life, Durham: Duke University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rheinberger H.-J. (2010) An Epistemology of the Concrete: Twentieth Century Histories of Life, Durham: Duke University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rossano F. (2013) Sequence organization and timing of bonobo mother-infant interactions. Interaction Studies, 14: 160-189.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rossano F. (2013) Sequence organization and timing of bonobo mother-infant interactions. Interaction Studies, 14: 160-189.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rossano F., Liebal K. (2014) Requests’’ and “offers” in orangutans and human infants. Requesting in social interaction. Studies in Language and Social interaction, 26: 333-362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rossano F., Liebal K. (2014) Requests’’ and “offers” in orangutans and human infants. Requesting in social interaction. Studies in Language and Social interaction, 26: 333-362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sacks H. (1984) Notes on methodology. In J.M. Atkinson, J. Heritage (Eds.) Structures of Social Action, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 21-27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sacks H. (1984) Notes on methodology. In J.M. Atkinson, J. Heritage (Eds.) Structures of Social Action, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 21-27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sebeok T.A. (1988) “Animal” in biological and semiotic perspective. In T. Ingold (Ed.) What is an Animal? (pp. 63-76). London: Unwin Hyman.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sebeok T.A. (1988) “Animal” in biological and semiotic perspective. In T. Ingold (Ed.) What is an Animal? (pp. 63-76). London: Unwin Hyman.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Speer S.A., Stokoe E. (2011) Conversation and gender, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Speer S.A., Stokoe E. (2011) Conversation and gender, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stivers T., Sidnell J. (2013) Introduction. In J. Sidnell, &amp; T. Stivers (Eds.), Handbook of conversation analysis (pp. 1-8). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stivers T., Sidnell J. (2013) Introduction. In J. Sidnell, &amp; T. Stivers (Eds.), Handbook of conversation analysis (pp. 1-8). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suchman L. (1987) Plans and situated actions: The problem of human-machine communication, Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suchman L. (1987) Plans and situated actions: The problem of human-machine communication, Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tecumseh Fitch W., Hauser M.D., Chomsky N. (2005) The evolution of the language faculty: Clarifications and implications. Cognition, 97: 179-210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tecumseh Fitch W., Hauser M.D., Chomsky N. (2005) The evolution of the language faculty: Clarifications and implications. Cognition, 97: 179-210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas E.L. (2016) Anthropocentric rhetorical discourse in popular science writing about human evolution. Theology and Science, 14(3): 340-360. doi:10.1080/14746700.201 6.1191882</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas E.L. (2016) Anthropocentric rhetorical discourse in popular science writing about human evolution. Theology and Science, 14(3): 340-360. doi:10.1080/14746700.201 6.1191882</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomasello M. (2008) Origins of human communication, MIT Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomasello M. (2008) Origins of human communication, MIT Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomasello M., Hare B., Lehmann H., Call J. (2007) Reliance on head versus eyes in the gaze following of great apes and human infants: the cooperative eye hypothesis. Journal of Human Evolution, 52: 314-320.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomasello M., Hare B., Lehmann H., Call J. (2007) Reliance on head versus eyes in the gaze following of great apes and human infants: the cooperative eye hypothesis. Journal of Human Evolution, 52: 314-320.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Dooren T. (2019) The wake of crows: living and dying in shared worlds, Columbia University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Dooren T. (2019) The wake of crows: living and dying in shared worlds, Columbia University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward B. (1999) Koko: Fact or Fiction? American Language Review, 3(3): 12-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward B. (1999) Koko: Fact or Fiction? American Language Review, 3(3): 12-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yount-André C. (2016) Snack sharing and the moral metalanguage of exchange: Children’s reproduction of rank-based redistribution in senegal. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 26(1): 41-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yount-André C. (2016) Snack sharing and the moral metalanguage of exchange: Children’s reproduction of rank-based redistribution in senegal. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 26(1): 41-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
